This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clara-Schumann. As she grew older, she became more preoccupied with other responsibilities in life and found it hard to compose regularly, writing, "I once believed that I possessed creative talent, but I have given up this idea; a woman must not desire to compose there has never yet been one able to do it. Regarded as one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over the course of a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital by lessening the importance of purely virtuosic works. In 1857, she was appointed chamber virtuoso to the Court of Hohenzollern. [6], In 1835, she performed her Piano Concerto in A minor with the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, conducted by Mendelssohn. Brahms dedicated the variations to both Schumanns, hoping that Robert would be released soon and rejoined with his family. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. [26], Over her career, Schumann gave over 238 concerts with Joachim in Germany and Britain, more than with any other artist. [6][74], Most of Clara Schumann's music was never played by anyone else and largely forgotten until a resurgence of interest in the 1970s. After that, Joseph Joachim appointed Bargiel professor at the Berlin Conservatoire, where he taught with success until his death on 23rd February 1897. Her husband was permanently institutionalized after a mental collapse. She cannot work at it regularly, and I am often disturbed to think how many profound ideas are lost because she cannot work them out. When she was five years old, her parents divorced and Clara lived with her father. 3: Clara Schumann und ihre Freunde 18561896, "Schumann [ne Wieck], Clara (Josephine)", "Erinnerungen an Clara Schumann: Alleinstehend, berufsttig, kinderreich", "Suffering for Her Art: The Chronic Pain Syndrome of Pianist Clara Wieck-Schumann", "Clara Schumann's collection of playbills: A historiometric analysis of life-span development, mobility, and repertoire canonization", "Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium seit Januar Musikakademie / Bericht vom Festakt zur Verleihung des Status einer Akademie", "When a Friendship Is More Than Friendship: The Tender Letters of Clara Schumann and Johannes Brahms", "Pianistin Clara Schumann: Klavierstunde bei der eisernen Meisterin", "Bittersweet symphonies / Brahms's affair with Clara Schumann was a sizzling mess that left his life in chaos and filled his music with yearning", "Clara Schumann und die Berliner Philharmoniker, Zum 200. 37. [12] Franz Grillparzer, Austria's leading dramatic poet, wrote a poem entitled "Clara Wieck and Beethoven" after hearing her perform Beethoven's Appassionata sonata during one of these recitals. The critics acknowledged a convincing artistic achievement of the eleven-year-old. 1849), Eugenie Schumann (b. Marriage Diaries of Robert and Clara Schumann. "[47], She played her last public concert in Frankfurt on 12 March 1891. [20] Brahms composed some private piano pieces for her to console her: four piano pieces and a set of variations on a theme by Robert Schumann that she had also written variations on a year earlier, as her Op. [24] A year later, Clara Schumann wrote in her diary that in a concert on 11 November 1845, "little Joachim was very much liked. Daughter of Robert Schumann and Clara Josephine Schumann Wife of Vittorio Amadeo Radicati di Marmorito Mother of Eduardo Radicati di Marmorito and Roberto Radicati di Marmorito Sister of Maria Schumann; . The lawsuit opened in July 1839. [31] His letters indicate his strong feelings for Clara. Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. 1848), Ferdinand (b. In the last year of her life, she left several sketches for piano preludes, designed for piano students, as well as some published cadenzas for her performances of Beethoven and Mozart piano concertos. She lived from 1819 - 1896. Her collection of 1,299 concert programs spanning her career from 1828 to 1891 is an . . She began touring at age eleven, and was successful in Paris and Vienna, among other cities. One of the most renowned figures among classical musicians of the nineteenth century, Clara Schumann (1819-1896) was sometimes known as Europe's Queen of the Piano. Over time it became clear, however, that he was not well. She edited the publication of her husband's work. ." Corrections? [64] During this period, she experienced success as a performer in Britain, where her 1865 performance of Beethoven's Piano Concerto in G major was met with enormous applause. 1854). B. indem sie Ihre Anmeldedaten speichern, die Videoleistung optimieren oder uns Informationen darber geben, wie unsere Website genutzt wird. Woldemar Bargiel was the first son from Marianes marriage to the piano and singing teacher Adolph Bargiel and was born in Berlin. "Clara Schumann ne Wieck," in The Art of the Piano. Clara Schumann gave birth to eight childrenMarie Schumann (b. Five-year-old Clara remained with her father while Mariane and Bargiel eventually moved to Berlin, limiting contact between Clara and her mother to written letters and occasional visits. She spent her childhood studying piano . [31] These two works, while reserved for her opus 18 and 19, were never published. [31] She planned a second piano concerto, but only a Konzertsatz in F minor from 1847 survived. The Changing Repertoire of the Piano Recital from the Beginnings to 1980". Brahms secretly held Wagner's music in high esteem,[96] and eventually publicly praised Liszt's works as well. Clara Schumann, ne Clara Josephine Wieck, (born Sept. 13, 1819, Leipzig, Saxony [Germany]died May 20, 1896, Frankfurt am Main, Ger. She also became the authoritative editor of their works for Breitkopf und Hrtel. "[12] Chopin described her playing to Franz Liszt, who came to hear one of Wieck's concerts and subsequently praised her extravagantly in a letter that was published in the Parisian Revue et Gazette Musicale and later, in translation, in the Leipzig journal Neue Zeitschrift fr Musik. Her insecurity is evident in an inscription to her husband on one of her creations which reads, "To my beloved husband, on 8 June 1853, a weak attempt from his old Clara. 7), chamber music, choral pieces, and songs. [66] Following the advice of Brahms she performed Mozart's Piano Concerto in C minor at the Hanoverian court[14] and in Leipzig. In March 1854, Brahms, Joachim, Albert Dietrich, and Julius Otto Grimm spent time with Clara Schumann, playing music for her and with her to divert her mind from the tragedy. Clara Schumann (/ u m n /; ne Clara Josephine Wieck; 13 September 1819 - 20 May 1896) was a German musician and composer, considered one of the most distinguished composers and pianists of the Romantic era.She exerted her influence over a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital, while also having composed a body of work including various . In her early career, before her marriage, she played the customary bravura pieces designed to showcase the artist's technique, often in the form of arrangements or variations on popular themes from operas, written by virtuosos such as Thalberg, Herz, or Henselt. . Northeastern University Press, 1993. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. When he performed, Liszt flailed his arms, tossed his head, and pursed his lips,[88] inspiring a Lisztomania across Europe which has been compared to the Beatlemania of female fans of The Beatles over a century later. Concerning Alwins death, Clara Schumann wrote to her friend Rosalie Leser: [If I had only seen him one more time! Clara Schumann ceased to perform any of Liszt's works, and she suppressed her husband's dedication to Liszt of his Fantasie in C major when she published his complete works. Schumann famously rescued her children from violence during the May Uprising in Dresden in 1849. Burton, Anna. At the same time, she bridled if he attempted to change or revise a piece. She died in Frankfurt, Germany. [] What saddens me deeply is the fact that Alwin had grieved so terribly in the last months, because he was not mentioned even with a single word in the newspapers on the occasion of my fathers 100th birthday, after he had been so committed to disseminating the method of our father with tireless diligence and had achieved the best results with it. Weiteren funktionellen Cookies knnen Sie unten auf dieser Seite durch Anwhlen von "Ja" zustimmen. When we said goodbye, my thoughts were whether we would ever see each other again. ")[6][7] Her musical studies came largely at the expense of her broader general education, although she still studied religion and languages under her father's control of the family. 20 through 23. [32], Brahms played his First Symphony for her before its premiere. Omissions? 22", "Clara Schumann, ne Wieck (18191896), wife", "Mariane Wieck-Bargiel, ne Tromlitz (17971872), mother of Clara Schumann", "Five forgotten female composers will be celebrated on BBC Radio 3", "Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op. Wrote Clement Harris, a Schumann student: "I am proud to be a Schumann-scholar now. She had a special gift for fine handcrafts which her mother, for instance, gave to Clara Schumann on her birthdays. Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. The best known woman composer of her time period and the first in the United States, Amy Beach (1867-1944) did not just create sm, Landowska, Wanda Encouraged by her father, she studied piano from the age of five and by 1835 had established a reputation throughout Europe as a child prodigy. Clara was a child prodigy, and was trained by her father. [11] Her Paris recital was poorly attended because many people had fled the city due to an outbreak of cholera. Among her 68 known students who made a musical career were Natalia Janotha, Fanny Davies, Nanette Falk, Amina Goodwin, Carl Friedberg, Leonard Borwick, Ilona Eibenschtz, Adelina de Lara, Marie Olson and Mary Wurm. ", Gould, John: "What Did They Play? Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. She died quickly and unexpectedly whilst on holiday, in the presence of her mother and all siblings, at the age of only 33. Clara Josephine Schumann ([klaa uman]; ne Wieck; 13 September 1819 20 May 1896) was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher. This was also the year that Robert first kissed her. In 1832, Clara began a seven-month performance tour that included a lengthy stay in Paris. But Robert, the musical public, and reviewers all took Clara's compositions seriously. [64] She championed the works of her husband and other contemporaries such as Brahms, Chopin and Mendelssohn.[64]. The Schumann children. 1841); Elise (b. Born Clara Josephine Wieck in Leipzig, Germany, on September 13, 1819; died at Frankfurt am Main on May 20, 1896; daughter of Friedrich Wieck (a music teacher) and Marianne (Tromlitz) Wieck (a wellknown singer); received only a few months of general education, then education in music from her father, and languages; married Robert Schumann (the composer), on September 12, 1840; children: Marie (b. [34] She had not fully recovered, and experienced more neuralgia in her arm again in May, reporting that she "could not write on account of my arm". Another female composer from the same era whose work was also criminally suppressed was Clara Schumann (ne Clara Wieck in Leipzig in 1819). Lied and lied interpretation, Scientific articles, Schumann Journal 1-10, Appreciations in the Schumann Journal 1-10, Conference Reports (Schumann Journal 1-10), Reviews published in the Schumann Journal 1-10, 200th anniversary of Robert Schumanns birth in 2010, 200th anniversary of Clara Schumanns birth in 2019. An image of Clara Schumann from an 1835 lithograph by Andreas Staub was featured on the 100 Deutsche Mark banknote from 1989 to 2002. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. [30], During Robert Schumann's last years, confined to an asylum, Brahms was a strong presence for the Schumann family. Fortunately her relationship with her mother continued to be close, and she was reconciled by this time with her father. That she was probably a little jealous of Clara can be gleaned from her memoirs Aus dem Kreise Wieck-Schumann [From the Circle of the Wiecks and the Schumanns].Wieck, Ccilie (18341893), half-sisterClaras second half-sister from the marriage of Friedrich Wieck and Clementine Fechner was mentally ill from the age of 16. [72] Five years later, however, when she was 34 in 1853, the year she met Brahms, she engaged in a flurry of composing, resulting in 16 pieces that year: a set of piano variations on an "Album Leaf" of her husband (his Op. Two sisters, Louisa and Susanna Pyne, singers and managers of an opera company in England, and a man named Saunders, made all the arrangements. The burden of family duties increased over time and narrowed her ability as an artist. Today her compositions are increasingly performed and recorded. Brahms played some of his piano solo compositions for the Schumanns, and they were deeply impressed. She expressed her appreciation of the Symphony as a whole, but mentioned her dissatisfaction with the endings of the third and fourth movements. Kammervirtuosin), generally reserved for much older performers. [57] In 1879, their son Felix died aged 24. [2] Prompted by an affair between her mother and Adolph Bargiel, her father's friend,[3][4] the Wiecks were divorced in 1825, with Mariane later marrying Bargiel. were among her outstanding students, and even today there are performers who trace their musical pedagogy back to her ways of training. 22 (1853), inspired by her husband's birthday. Schumann himself had appreciated Bargiel and commissioned him several times to produce piano scores of his works. [58] In 1891, their son Ferdinand died at the age of 41, leaving his children to her care. Summary Transcript. Second violinist Joseph Ries (brother of composer Ferdinand Ries) and violist J. From the marriage of Clara Schumanns parents, divorced in 1825: Wieck, Adelheid (181718), sisterWieck, Friedrich Alwin Feodor (18211885), brother, Since Clara took centre stage at home, her brothers Alwin and Gustav were not promoted to the same extent but were sent out of the house as soon as possible, to stand on their own feet. "[70] Her husband also expressed concern about the effect on her composing output: Clara has composed a series of small pieces, which show a musical and tender ingenuity such as she has never attained before. Clara Schumann, born Clara Wieck in Leipzig in 1819, was a piano prodigy who made her public debut aged 11. Another of her students, Carl Friedberg, carried the tradition to the Juilliard School in America, where his students included Nina Simone, Malcolm Frager and Bruce Hungerford. As her siblings she grew up in various boarding schools at different . In 1878, she embarked on a second career, becoming the full-time principal piano teacher at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt; musicians from around the world flocked to study with her. and I felt very melancholy ].Ccilie Bargiel had to spend the last years of her life in a nursing home in Waldsieversdorf near Lake Scharmtzel, where she died in 1910. Clara's great-grandfather, Johann George Tromlitz, had been a widely known flutist, teacher, and flute maker; her grandfather, George Christian Tromlitz, was a cantor. [36] She was displeased with the little time spent on rehearsals: "They call it a rehearsal here if a piece is played through once." [63] Over 1,300 concert programs from her performances throughout Europe between 1831 through 1889 have been preserved. She gave concerts and taught, and she did most of the work of organizing her own concert tours. There, she met another gifted young pianist who had been invited to the musical evening, Robert Schumann, who was nine years older. By that time, Schumann was an acknowledged child prodigy, who had played for Paganini and Goethe. May, Florence. In, Smerjian, Ludwig. 236238. "Clara Schumann: A Composer's Wife as Composer. Young. "Clara Schumann," in Women Making Music: The Western Art Tradition, 11501950. She held Anton Bruckner's Seventh Symphony in very low esteem and wrote to Brahms, describing it as "a horrible piece". Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Big sister to superstar cellist Sheku Kanneh-Mason, 22-year-old Isata is a postgraduate student at The Royal Academy of Music, where 4 of the Kanneh-Mason siblings are currently studying! In her creative hands, the most ordinary passage, the most routine motive acquires a significant meaning, a colour, which only those with the most consummate artistry can give. During their 14-year marriage, while she managed to perform on innumerable concert stages, he was composing some of the world's most beautiful music. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Encyclopedia.com. She demanded two assistants, with her daughters Marie and Eugenie in mind. Schumann, Clara (1819-1896)Famous German concert pianist, composer and music teacher, wife of the composer Robert Schumann, whose innovations in performance during a 60-year career helped to shape the standard modern-day piano repertory. Romantic Visions of a Classical Masterpiece. Over time, her repertoire improved, with the dropping of flashy display pieces in favor of works by Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Schumann, and Brahms. Isata Kanneh-Mason | Clara Schumann's Scherzo No.2 in C Minor | Classic FM Session. Die von uns eingesetzten und einsetzbaren Cookies stellen wir Ihnen unter dem Link Cookie-Einstellungen in derDatenschutzerklrungvor. "French composer Ccile Louise Stphanie Chaminade (18571944) enjoyed considerable success between about 1880 and 1910, touring as, Artur Schnabel She took a break from concert performances, beginning in January 1874, cancelling her usual England tour due to an arm injury. They included subjects such as piano, violin, singing, theory, harmony, composition, and counterpoint. Schumann, Clara [6] After her mother moved out, she began taking daily one-hour lessons from her father. Clara was also trained by Christian Weinlig and Heinrich Dorn. Clara had three brothers and a half-sister, Marie. The following day, she played her husband's Piano Concerto with Bargiel conducting. She was accompanied by her oldest daughter Marie, who wrote from Manchester to her friend Rosalie Leser that in Edinburgh the pianist "was received with tempestuous applause and had to give an encore, so had Joachim. Schumann died in Frankfurt, but was buried in Bonn beside her husband. Clara Schumann ne Clara Wieck (1819 - 1896) was a German composer-pianist and wife to Robert Schumann. A Study of her Life and Work. Made performance debut at age nine (1828); during an extended tour in Austria, awarded the honorary position of chamber musician (K.k. During the years 1832 to 1835, Robert Schumann composed some of his greatest works. Clara Josephine Schumann ([klaa uman]; ne Wieck; 13 September 1819 - 20 May 1896) was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher.Regarded as one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over the course of a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital by lessening the importance of purely virtuosic . Despite the loss of her husband and four of her children, and despite her own illness and pain, she had met the challenges of supporting her large family, changed the style of performance on the concert stage, and won the respect of some of the century's greatest composers, including Felix Mendelssohn, Johannes Brahms, and her tragic, beloved husband. Clara Josephine Wieck [klaa jozfin vik] was born in Leipzig on 13 September 1819 to Friedrich Wieck and his wife Mariane (ne Tromlitz). On the evening of 3 May, Robert and Clara heard that the revolution against King Frederick Augustus II of Saxony for not accepting the "constitution for a German Confederation" had arrived in Dresden. Trans. Clara Schumann wrote her first music while still a child, but as she grew older she found less time and energy for composing. Clara Schumann. [46] She rested for the remainder of the year before returning to the concert stage in March 1875. On stage, she became a towering figure in the musical world, introducing some of the finest works of her day while also shaping what is now recognized as the standard piano repertoire; off stage, her teaching influenced generations of young performers. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. [16] Friedrich was strongly opposed to the marriage, and refused his permission. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. 20. It also functioned as a record of their artistic endeavors and growth. In addition, Friedrich Wieck gave her singing lessons and in the 1860s, Marie performed as a solo singer. Jessica Duchen. While taking lessons, he rented a room in the Wieck household and stayed about a year. Clara initially appeared to be a disappointment, as she did not speak until she was past four and was assumed to be hard of hearing. Clara Schumann was the leading woman pianist of her age and was acknowledged as the peer of Liszt, Thalberg, and Anton Rubinstein. Her career as a pianist took her to many European countries, such as to Switzerland in 1851, to Vienna and Italy in 1855, to Britain in 1864/65, to Russia in 1870, and to Scandinavia in 1879. There were also times, however, when she performed with some of Europe's great orchestras, and she also enjoyed playing with chamber groups and for sonata and lieder recitals. Voreingestellt werden nur zulssige Cookies, fr die wir keine Einwilligung bentigen. Her Op. Finding an orchestra, another of the tasks required of a performer, sometimes proved daunting, so she dispensed with the custom. Diese Cookies sind notwendig, damit die grundlegenden Funktionen dieser Website funktionieren knnen, wie z. Brahms received from him a letter of introduction to Robert Schumann, and thus presented himself at the Schumanns' home in Dsseldorf. Chissell, Joan. Through her concerts, his compositions attained a much wider audience than they might otherwise have found. Encyclopedia.com. Bargiel, Ccilie (1831 Berlin 1910 Waldsieversdorf/Brandenburg), half-sister, Ccilie lived together with her mother Mariane until the latters death in 1872, taking care of the household. Updates? Vol. First editions and early prints (Brahms Institute in Lbeck), Clara Wiecks Journey with her father in Fictionalised Biographies, Schumann as accompanist. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. Edited by Jane Bowers and Judith Tick. 1851) and Felix (b. He played a new violin concerto by Felix Mendelssohn, which is said to be wonderful. His niece Eugenie Schumann described him as [the most sensitive amongst musicians, and highly educated]. [70], Schumann was the authoritative editor, aided by Brahms and others, of her husband's works for the publishing firm of Breitkopf & Hrtel. Several films have focused on Schumann's life, the earliest being Trumerei (Dreaming) of 1944. His first entry indicates that it should act as an autobiography of the family's personal lives, especially of the couple, and of their desires and accomplishments in the arts. In 1837, when she was 18, he proposed to her and she accepted. "Schumann, Clara (18191896) 1845 March 11, 1845. Diese Cookies ermglichen es uns, Ihre Nutzung der Website zu analysieren, um deren Leistung zu bewerten und zu verbessern. [8], She often took charge of finances and general household affairs. Clara described Eugen Bargiel in July 1842, when he and Woldemar spent the holidays with the Schumanns, as sincere and good-natured; he was a merchant who then emigrated to Romania. London: Harrap, 1962. Among Clara Schumann's family members only her parents, her siblings and half siblings (both paternal and maternal) are listed. Vol. [19], In February 1854, Robert Schumann had a mental collapse, attempted suicide, and was admitted, at his request, to a sanatorium in the village of Endenich near Bonn, where he stayed for the last two years of his life. [101] Possibly the best-known film is Song of Love (1947) starring Katharine Hepburn as Clara, Paul Henreid as Robert, and Robert Walker as Brahms. "Schumann, Clara (18191896) Should I expect to be the one? Name variations: Clara Wieck. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Schumann's general education was limited to a few months in a primary school, with eight additional months at a larger institute. Although the court attempted to reconcile the parties, Wieck would have none of it and poured slander after slander on Robert's head; he also appropriated Clara's savings and refused her access to her personal belongings. They had been born in Tbingen and Stuttgart and spent several years in the USA. 1841), Elise Schumann (b. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. [31] She hired a housekeeper and a cook to keep house while she was away on her long tours. [6][51] She held the teaching post until 1892 and contributed greatly to the improvement of modern piano playing technique. 2023
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